Singh, S. P.

• Evaluation of some Bioagents against Mustard Aphid (Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach)) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Single Plant in Field Condition

Abstract Views :205  |  PDF Views:121

Authors

Y. P. Singh ¹, H. P. Meghwal ¹, S. P. Singh ²

Affiliations
1 National Research Center on Rapeseed-Mustard, Sewar, Bharatpur 321303, Rajasthan, IN
2 Gujarat Beej Company, Khanderao Market, Sidhnath Road, Baroda 390 001, Gujarat, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 23, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 95-97

Abstract

Four bioagents, viz., Coccinella septempunctata L., Menochilus sexmaculatus (F.), Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) and Verticillium lecanii (Zimmerman), were evaluated against mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), on single plants covered with muslin cloth in the field at National Research Centre on Rapeseed-Mustard, Sewar, Bharatpur (Rajasthan) during 2005-06 and 2006-07. C. septempunctata @ two adults/plant was found to be the most effective, reducing 96.19% of the aphid population in 10 days followed by C. septempunctata @ two larvae per plant (93.42%), V. lecanii @ 108 spores-ml (84.90%), M. sexmaculatus @ two adults (84.62%) and C. carnea @ four larvae-plant (82.98%). C. septempunctata @ one adult per plant reduced the aphid population by 77.49% and M. sexmaculatus by 69.08%.

Keywords

Chrysoperla carnea, Coccinella septempunctata, Lipaphis erysimi, Menochilus sexmaculatus, Mustard Aphid, Verticillium lecanii.

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References

• Behera, M. K., Behera, R. and Patro, B. 1999. Biology and feeding potential of Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on the chrysanthemum aphid, Macrosiphoniella sanborni (Gillette). Journal of Biological Control, 13: 39-43.
• Honek, A. 1985. Activity and predation of Coccinella septempunctata adult in the field. Zeitschrift fur angewandte Entomologie, 100: 399-409.
• Purwar, J. P. and Sachan, G. C. 2004. Bioefficacy of entomopathogenic fungi against mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) on Brassica campestris. Journal of Aphidology, 18: 5-10.
• Sharma, D. K., Varma, G. C. and Kishore, L. 1997. Feeding capacity of predators of mustard aphid,Lipaphis erysimi Kalt. Journal of Aphidology, 11: 171-174.
• Singh, D. and Singh, H. 1993. Biology of ladybird beetle, Coccinella septempunctata Linn. Annals of Biology, 9: 250-253.
• Singh, N. N., Latif, H. and Pandey, R. 2003. Preying capacity of Chrysoperla carnea (Steph.) on mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi Kalt. Journal of Applied Zoological Research, 14: 57-58.

• Tobacco Type Mediated Effects on the Development of Pink Aphid, Myzus nicotianae Blackman and its Predator, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephen) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Abstract Views :212  |  PDF Views:118

Authors

S. Gunnes Wara Rao ¹, P. Venkateswarlu ¹, J. V. Prasad ¹, K. Siva Raju ¹, S. P. Singh ¹, P. K. Naik ¹

Affiliations
1 Central Tobacco Research Institute, Rajahmundry - 533105, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 22, No 1 (2008), Pagination: 155-161

Abstract

The present study revealed that fecundity of tobacco aphid, Myzus nicotianae Blackman was highest on Lanka type (37.8 ± 7.5) and lowest on Nicotiana rustica (7.0±2.5). Chrysoperla carnea consumed 71.20 aphids/larva on Flue cured Virginia tobacco and 58 aphids on Burley type. Highest per cent pupation was observed on Beedi type (88%). Fecundity of Chrysoperla was the highest when it fed on aphids on cigar wrapper tobacco (291 eggs/female), followed by Lanka (287 eggs/female). The fecundity was lowest (114 eggs) when aphids on aromatic tobacco were consumed. Fecundity when fed on Corcyra eggs was least (220 eggs). FCV tobacco was most favored for oviposition by Chrysoperla (25 eggs/plant) and beedi and aromatic types were least preferred. On all tobacco types, when the larvae of the predator were released 63 to 92% reduction in aphid population was achieved. The nutritional profile of the aphids on the most favored tobacco type, Lanka, revealed that sugars and proteins/100g dry weight of aphids were 3.6 and 7.20 compared to 2.88 and 6,20, respectively, on aphids on aromatic types, which were less suitable as food. Prospects of utilizing host plant genetic diversity in tritrophic interactions for effective management of sucking pests are discussed.

Keywords

Chrysoperla carnea, Myzus nicotianae, Tobacco Type.

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• Evaluation of Bioagents against Mustard Aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) (Homoptera: Aphididae), under Net Covered Condition in Field

Abstract Views :227  |  PDF Views:155

Authors

Y. P. Singh ¹, H. P. Meghwal ¹, S. P. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 National Research Centre on Rapeseed-Mustard, Sewar, Bharatpur, 321 303, Rajasthan, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 22, No 2 (2008), Pagination: 321-326

Abstract

Three bio-agents viz., Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus), Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) and Verticillium lecanii (Zimmerman) were evaluated against mustard aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) under net covered condition in the field at National Research Centre on Rapeseed-Mustard, Sewar, Bharatpur (Rajasthan), during 2005-06 and 2006-07. C. septempunctata @ 5,000 beetles/ha was found to be most effective by reducing 88.17 percent aphid population after 10 days of release, followed by V. lecanii @ 10⁸ spores/ml (75.79 percent) and C. septempuactata @ 3,000 beetles/ha (65.46 percent), Maximum yield was recorded with the release of C. septempunctata @ 5,000 beetles/ha followed by V. lecanii @ 10⁸ spores/ml and C. septempunctata @ 3,000 beetles/ha.

Keywords

Cocciuella septempunctata, Chrysoperla carnea, Verticillium lecanii, Lipaphis erysimi, Mustard Aphid, Brassica Juncea, Mustard.

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• Management of Root-knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (kofoid & White) Chitwood in Chrysanthemum Using Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson in Combination with Neem Cake

Abstract Views :218  |  PDF Views:145

Authors

M. Nagesh ¹, S. S. Hussaini ¹, S. P. Singh ¹, S. R. Biswas ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control (ICAR) P.B. No. 2491, H.A. Farm P.O., Bellary Road Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 17, No 2 (2003), Pagination: 125-131

Abstract

Talc and pesta granule formulations of P. lilacinus spores, obtained from solid and liquid media, at 12, 10, 8 and 6 per cent moisture levels were evaluated for their spore viability and tbeir field efficacy, singly and in combination with neem cake against ischolar_main-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita in the farmer's field. The preparation of P. lilacinus used in the field consisted mainly of spores. The fungus was cultured under two sets of defined conditions to produce aerial spores, i. e., cultured on sorghum grains, and submerged spores, grown in a liquid medium. Aerial spores were more robust (96, 87, 80 and 60% viability at 6, 8, 10 and 12% moisture levels, respectively, in talc formulation from sorghum grains), compared to submerged spores (83, 72,64 and 54% viability at 6, 8, 10 and 12% moisture levels, respectively, in talc formulation from liquid broth), over a period of 60 days after formulation. Talc and pesta granules of P. lilacinus, applied at 2 doses, 10 and 15 kg/ha to the ischolar_main-knot nematode infested chrysanthemum field correspondingly reduced ischolar_main gall index to 1.4-2.7, nematode multiplication rate to 1.4-2.12, and enhanced floral yield by 12 per cent depending on the dose of formulation. Further, combined use of these formulations with neem cake enhanced fungal propagules in rhizosphere to 700-1070, fungal infectivity to 32- 52 per cent and chrysanthemum flower yield (by 23-28 %) depending on the dose of formulation.

Keywords

Chrysanthemum, Field Evaluation, Formulations, Meloidogyne incognita, Moisture Levels, Paecilomyces lilacinus.

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• Predatory Efficiency of Mallada astur (Banks), a Chrysopid Predator of Coconut Leafeating Caterpillar, Opisina arenosella Walker

Abstract Views :317  |  PDF Views:114

Authors

A. Sujatha ¹, S. P. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (ICAR) Kasaragod 671124, Kerala, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 17, No 1 (2003), Pagination: 23-27

Abstract

The chrysopid, Mallada astur (Banks), recorded for the first time as promising egg and early larval predator of O. arenosella in interior Karnataka was evaluated for its predatory efficiency. This predator is predominant on coconut and palmyrah palms of 30m height. Its short life cycle (24.5 days) on a combined diet of eggs and larvae of O. arenosella, high fecundity per female (mean=102.3 eggs), and its ability to thrive in the larval galleries of O. arenosella, strongly support its utilization as a biocontrol agent during peak period of infestation (September-February) in interior Karnataka. Net house studies revealed that release of one M. astur larva (4 day old) per severely infested leaflet with about 35·50 neonate larvae will effectively reduced the population of the pest within a week.

Keywords

Biocontrol, Biology, Mallada astur, Opisina arenosella.

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• Biology and Rearing Requirements of an Anthocorid Predator, Blaptostethus pallescens Poppius (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae)

Abstract Views :268  |  PDF Views:120

Authors

Chandish R. Ballal ¹, S. P. Singh ¹, J. Poorani ¹, Tripti Gupta ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control (ICAR) P.B. No. 2491, H.A. Farm Post, Bellary Road Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 17, No 1 (2003), Pagination: 29-33

Abstract

Biology and feeding potential of an anthocorid predator, Blaptostethus pallescens Pop pius were studied on the eggs of alternate host, Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton). Approximately 100 UV irradiated C. cephalonica eggs are required for rearing one nymph throughout its nymphal period of about 16 days (4-11 eggs per day) and 630 eggs for an adult throughout its longevity (3-19 eggs per day). Adult females had a greater feeding potential (943 eggs per adult) in comparison to males (381 eggs per adult). Utilising 9cc of C. cephalonica eggs, 1000 B. pallescens could be produced. The lab-reared adults had a very high longevity (38- 78 days) and fecundity (110-203 nymphs/female), indicating the suitability of C. cephalonica eggs for mass production.

Keywords

Biology, Blaptostethus pallescens, Corcyra cephalonica, Feeding Potential, Rearing.

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• Field Life Tables of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Abstract Views :214  |  PDF Views:107

Authors

S. K. Jalali ¹, S. P. Singh ¹, P. L. Tandon ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control Post Bag No. 2491, H.A. Farm Post, Bellary Road Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 17, No 1 (2003), Pagination: 47-55

Abstract

Field life tables of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) were constructed for 6 generations from summer 1994 to rabi (winter) 1995 in Bangalore on fodder maize. Positive trend indices were obtained in the 2^nd , 3^rd and 4^th generations, which corresponded to late summer to kharif (monsoon) seasons and negative trend indices in the 1^st, 5^th and 6^th generations corresponding to late kharif (late monsoon) to rabi seasons. Positive trend indices signified greater pest activity during those generations. Maximum contribution to real generation mortality was in egg stage in all the generations as k_s of egg period were invariably closer to generation K in each season. Key mortality factor analysis revealed direct density dependence in egg stage with egg parasitoids having highly significant regression coefficient. Mortality due to unknown causes in younger larvae exhibited inverse density dependence. During larval stage, hatching failure, and in pupal stage all mortality factors exhibited delayed density dependence. The result provided rational ecological basis for developing biocontrol - based programme for suppression of C. partellus on fodder maize.

Keywords

Abiotic Factors, Biotic Factors, Chilo partellus, Field Life Tables, Population Dynamics.

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• Investigations on Sporothrix fungorum De Hoog&de Vries, a Newly Recorded Pathogen of Aceria guerreronis Keifer, the Coconut Eriophyid Mite

Abstract Views :223  |  PDF Views:110

Authors

P. Sreerama Kumar ¹, S. P. Singh ¹, C. P. Anuroop ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control (ICAR), P. B. No. 2491, H.A. Farm Post, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560 024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 18, No 1 (2004), Pagination: 13-20

Abstract

The hyphomycetous fungus, Sporothrix fungorum de Hoog&de Vries was discovered affecting the coconut eriophyid mite, Aceria gllerreronis Keifer in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu in India during 1999-2000 in up to 15 per cent of coconut samples. At 2xlOs, 2xl0· and 2xl07 conidia per ml the fungus could bring' about 47.03, 92.75 and 98.29 per cent mortalities, respectively, 96h after inoculation. It was able to grow and conidiate profusely on potato dextrose agar (PDA) as well as Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA). The diameter of the colony increased significantly between 10 and 21 days of inoculation in both the media, reaching up to 35.83 and 36.00 mm on PDA and SDA, respectively. Among three different liquid media, viz., potato dextrose broth (PDB), Sabouraud dextrose broth (SDB) and an enrichment medium (EM), EM was the best in terms of wet and dry weights (per 100 ml) as well as conidia production in both stationary (6450.3 mg, 1602.3 mg and 71.7 x 106 / ml) and shake cultures (13416.7 mg, 3402.7 mg and 83.0 x 107 / mI). The present report gives new details about S. fungorum as well as its association with the coconut mite.

Keywords

Aceria gllerrerollis, Biological Control, Coconut, Eriophyid Mite, Sporothrix fungorum.

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• Efficiency of Stage Specific Parasitoids in the Biological Suppression of Coconut Leaf Eating Caterpillar, Opisina arenosella Walker

Abstract Views :237  |  PDF Views:149

Authors

A. Sujatha ¹, S. P. Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (ICAR), Kasaragod, 671 124, Kerala, IN
2 Project Directorate of Biological Control, Bangalore 560 024, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 18, No 1 (2004), Pagination: 51-56

Abstract

A systematic surveillance of coconut leaf eating caterpillar, Opisina arenosella Walker and its important parasitoids was carried out on young and old coconut palms in interior and coastal areas of Karnataka during 1996-1997. Among the parasitoids recorded, Apanteles taragamae Viereck was active during summer and rainy seasons in coastal and interior areas, respectively. Meteoridea hutsoni Nixon and Brachymeria spp. predominated during winter and summer seasons, respectively. and showed their perfect synchronization with high population of O. arenosella. Studies on the effect of abiotic factors on the activity of these parasitoids showed variation between the species, regions and palm ages.

Keywords

Coconut, Biocontrol, Natural Enemies, Opisina arellosella, Parasitoids.

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• A Rapid in vivo Bioassay Method for Testing and Selection of Fungal Antagonists of Plant Pathogens

Abstract Views :222  |  PDF Views:120

Authors

R. K. Srivastava ¹, R. D. Prasad ², R. Rangeshwaran ², A. R. Wasnikar ³, S. P. Singh ², N. S. Rao ²

Affiliations
1 Crop Research Station, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Bahraich 271 801, U. P., IN
2 Project Directorate of Biological Control (ICAR), P. B. No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Hebbal, Bangalore 560 024, Karnataka, IN
3 Department of Plant Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidhyalaya, Jabalpur 482 004, M. P., IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 16, No 2 (2002), Pagination: 173-176

Abstract

Eight Trichoderma isolates were tested for their bioefficacy against seed, ischolar_main and seedling rot incited by Rhizoctonia solani by adopting an in vivo test method (blotter test). Vigor index ranging from 169.5 to 2239.4 and disease incidence ranging between 10 to 86 percent were recorded in various treatments. All bioagents were graded based on disease grading key proposed for their rating. The clear differentiation of efficacy of various Trichoderma species against R. solani obtained with the in vivo bioefficacy test method adopted (blotter test) in the present study shows suitability of this method for routine screening of fungal biocontrol agents against seed and soil borne plant pathogens.

Keywords

Fungal Antagonists, in vivo Bioassay, Plant Pathogens.

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• Life Table Studies on the Natural Enemies of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Abstract Views :187  |  PDF Views:124

Authors

S. K. Jalali ¹, S. P. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Biological Control Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 15, No 2 (2001), Pagination: 113-117

Abstract

Life table studies were carried out on egg, larval and pupal parasitoids of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in the laboratory. Egg parasitoid Triehogramma chilonis Ishii (maize strain) had the highest finite rate of increase of 1.41 per female per day and doubling time was less than 2 days, the shortest amongst trichogrammatids studied. The larval parasitoid, Cotesia flavipes Cameron lived for 7.79 days and the first two days after pre-oviposition period accounted for 88.7 per cent of its total fecundity. The finite rate of increase was 1.147 per female per day, whereas finite rate of increase of the pupal parasitoid, Xanthopimpta stemmator (Thunberg) and Tetrastichus howardi (Olliff) were 1.178 and 1.274 per female per day, respectively.

Keywords

Chilo partellus, Life Table, Natural Enemies.

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• Development of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a Predator of Mealybugs on Freeze-Dried Artificial Diet

Abstract Views :249  |  PDF Views:139

Authors

T. Venkatesan ¹, S. P. Singh ¹, S. K. Jalali ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post. Bellary Road Bangalore 560 024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 15, No 2 (2001), Pagination: 139-142

Abstract

Development of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) was studied on a freeze-dried artificial diet devoid of insect components. The artificial diet was composed of beef liver (5 g), hen's egg yolk (5g), sucrose (1g), honey (1g), hydrolysed yeast (1g), milk powder (0.5g), brewer's yeast (0.5g), groundnut oil (0.3g), multivitamin (0.04g). vitamin E (0.04g), nipbagine (0.004g) and water (16 ml). Biological attributes of the artificial diet reared C. montrouzieri were compared with the mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) reared. Mean adult emergence of the predators reared on artificial diet and mealybug reared were 58.0 and 90.0 per cent, respectively. Differences in developmental period, adult weight and female emergence between artificial diet and mealybug reared predators were non-significant. Pre-ovipositional period of the predators reared on artificial diet was significantly longer than the mealybug reared. The mean fecundity of artificial diet reared predator was only 8 eggs/female, which was significantly lower than the mealybug reared (204eggs/female). Artificial diet reared predators laid fertile eggs and the mean viability of the eggs was 93.0 per cent, which was not significantly different from the mealybug reared (94.0 %).

Keywords

Artificial Diet, Biological Suppression, Cryptolaemus mantrouzieri, Maconellicoccus hirsutus, Planococcus citri

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• Natural Incidence Of Hirsutella Thompsonii Fisher on the Coconut Eriophyid Mite, Aceria Guerreronis Keifer in Certain Districts of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu in India

Abstract Views :222  |  PDF Views:125

Authors

P. SreeramaKumar ¹, S. P. Singh ¹, T. S. Gopal ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control (lCAR) Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Hebbal, Bellary Road Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 15, No 2 (2001), Pagination: 151-156

Abstract

Hirsutella thompsoni Fisher was found to be widespread in the three districts of Karnataka (Bangalore Rural. Mandya and Kolar) and one in Tamil Nadu (Coimbatore) during the surveys conducted. The incidence of the pathogen was the highest in Coimbatore where 17.19 per cent of mite-infested coconut samples yielded the fungus. The presence or the fungal pathogen was the lowest in Bangalore rural district. where only 1.37 per cent of the samples showed the occurrence. The average incidence of H.thompsonil in mite-infested coconuts was 6.85 per cent. In Kamataka. only Mandya district showed significant presence (6.22 %) of the fungus. Overall, 7.03 per cent of the population of mites was infected with H.thompsonii. The nymphal stages (9.34%) were found to be more susceptible than the adults (4.72%). The consistent association ofthe fungus with the mite in the two states surveyed indicates that augmentation of the pathogen in the form of a rnycoacaricide may result in artificial epizootics.

Keywords

aceria Guerremnis. Coconut, Eriophyid Mite. hirsutelta Thompsonii natural Incidence

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• Field Parasitisation of the Maize Stem Borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Bangalore

Abstract Views :186  |  PDF Views:113

Authors

G. M. V. Prasada Rao ¹, S. Ramani ¹, S. P. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control (lCAR) Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560024, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 15, No 2 (2001), Pagination: 193-195

Abstract

Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) larvae were found to be parasitised by Cotesia flavipes Cameron and pupae by Tetrastichus howardi (Oliff) and Xanthopimpla stemmator (Thunberg) in Bangalore during February to May, 2001. The extent of larval parasitisation by C. flavipes varied from 3.3 to 24.5 per cent. Pupal parasitisation due to T. howardi and X. stemmator varied from 2.5 to 9.5 and 0 to 10 per cent, respectively.

Keywords

Chilo partellus, Field Parasitisation, Parasitoids, Maize.

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• Effect of Host Egg Density on Parasitism and Adult Emergence in Trichogramma chilonis Ishii (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Two Systems

Abstract Views :193  |  PDF Views:95

Authors

R. C. Yadav ¹, S. P. Singh ¹, S. K. Jalali ¹, N. S. Rag ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control (lCAR) Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road Hebbal, Bangalore 560 024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 15, No 1 (2001), Pagination: 11-14

Abstract

Effeet of egg density of Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) on parasitism and adult emergence in Trichogramma chilonis Ishii was investigated under two systems of rearing in the lahoratory. In nucleus culture maintenance system, 150 eggs/two females and under mass production system, 500 adults to 1 cc of eggs (about 15,000 eggs) were found most optimum for efficient utilization of eggs and females. The highly significant regression coefficients obtained for relation between egg density and number of egg parasitised, and per cent parasitisation and number of adults indicated the usefulness of prediction model.

Keywords

Corcyra cephalonica, Egg Density, Parasitism, Systems, Trichogramma chilonis.

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• Bioecology of Sticholotis cribellata Sicard (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a Potential Predator of Melanaspis glomerata (Green) (Homoptera: Diaspididae)

Abstract Views :236  |  PDF Views:121

Authors

Sunil Joshi ¹, J. Poorani ¹, S. P. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control (ICAR) P. B. No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road Hebbal, Bangalore 560 024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 15, No 1 (2001), Pagination: 21-26

Abstract

Sticholotis cribellata Sicard (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is recorded for the first time as a predator of Melanaspis glomerata (Green). Its host range and seasonal incidence are detailed and the immature stages described and illustrated. The egg, larval, and pupal stages lasted for 6.9. 19.5, and 8.6 days, respectively, and adult longevity was 40.41 days. The average fecundity was 48.9 eggs/female. The larvae and adults consumed on an average 653.95 and 1822.49 M. glomerata crawlers, respectively, throughout their life span. S. cribellata appears to be a promising bioagent of M. glomerata in view of its high feeding potential and amenability to large scale mass multiplication.

Keywords

Bioecology, Melanaspis glomerata, Predator, Sticholotis cribellata, Sugarcane.

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• Synomone mediated behavioural responses of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens)(Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) to cotton infested by Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Abstract Views :232  | 

Authors

N. Bakthavatsalam ¹, S. P. Singh ¹, P. L. Tandon ¹, M. Chaudhary ¹, S. Preethi ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control (ICAR) P. B. No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road Hebbal, Bangalore 560 024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 14, No 2 (2000), Pagination: 1-6

Abstract

Chrysoperta carnea (Stephens) is considered as an important predator against Helicoverpa armigera (Hii bner) and other sucking pests. The behavioural response of adult of C. carnea to the volatiles of plants infested by H. armigera was studied under laboratory conditions through electroantennogram and olfactometer. The adults showed good electroantennogram response to volatiles from flowers and bolls of cotton infested by H. armigera. Highest response was noticed to tbe infested bolls than flowers and leaves. In zone resident period studies, the adults spent distinctively more time in the zone 6 (nearest to source) when infested bolls were tested. In dual choice methods, significantly more number of adults reached the synomone arm than the control arm, when infested eotton bolls were tested. The response to infested leaves was very poor.

Keywords

Chrysoperiu carnea, Electroantennogram, Helicoverpa armigera, Infested Cotton, Synomone, Olfactometer.

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• Occurrence of Fusarium Coccophilum (Desm.) Wollenw.& Reinking on Sugarcane Whitefly, Aleurolobus barodensis (maskell) (homoptera: Aleyrodidae)

Abstract Views :213  |  PDF Views:144

Authors

Sunil Joshi ¹, P. Sreerama Kumar ¹, S. P. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control (lCAR) P. B. No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 14, No 1 (2000), Pagination: 49-50

Abstract

Fusarium coccopllilum (Desm.) Wollenw.&Reinking was recorded as a fungal pathogen of the sugarcane whitefly, Aleuroiobus barodensis (Maskell) from Dhule and Pune areas of Maharashtra. The infection level during rainy season varied from 2.2 to 12.8 per cent. Its pathogenicity both to nymphs and pupae was confirmed. This is the first report of F. coccophiluln on sugarcane whitefly.

Keywords

Aleuroiobus barodellsis, Fungal Pathogen. Fusarium Coccopllilum. Sugarcane Whilefly

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• Behavioural Responses of Key Parasitoids of Opisina arenosella Walker (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) to the Kairomones

Abstract Views :304  |  PDF Views:150

Authors

N. Bakthavatsalam ¹, S. P. Singh ¹, P. L. Tandon ¹, M. Chaudhary ¹, S. Preethi ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control (ICAR), Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 13, No 1&2 (1999), Pagination: 7-14

Abstract

Hexane wash of gallery and body of Opisina arenosella Walker elicited positive response from the parasitoids namely Goniozus nephantidis (Muesebeck), Brachymeria nephantidis Gahan and Elasmus nephantidis Rohwer, in terms of more number of parasitoids entering the kairomone arm than hexane arm in 'Y' tube olfactometer. Although, numerically, the gallery wash elicited higher response than larval body wash of the host O. arenosella to G. nephantidis, statistically, the treatments were on par. Chemical analysis of kairomonal substances using GCMS revealed the presence of 13-tetradecenal and myristic acid in the gallery wash, in addition to dodecane, pentadecane, hexadecane, heptadecane, eicosane and tricosane. Larval wash showed terpenoids like alpha-terpinene and alpha humulene.

Keywords

Behavioural Responses, Brachymeria nephantidis, Elasmus nephantidis, Goniozus nephantidis, Kairomones, Opisina arenosella.

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• Natural Enemy Complex of Coconut Leaf Eating Caterpillar, Opisina arenosella Walker (Lepidoptera:Xylorictidae) in Karnataka

Abstract Views :223  |  PDF Views:137

Authors

A. Sujatha ¹, S. P. Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671 124, Kerala, IN
2 Project Directorate of Biological Control, P. B. No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560 024, Karnataka, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 13, No 1&2 (1999), Pagination: 51-58

Abstract

Surveys in coastal and interior Karnataka during 1996 and 1997 revealed the occurrence of four larval, one larval-pupal and thirteen pupal parasitoids and eleven predators of Opisina arenosella Walker. Eight hyperparasitoids were also recorded.

Keywords

Hyperparasitoids, Opisina arenosella, Parasitoid, Predator.

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• L-Tryptophan as an Ovipositional Attractant for Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera:Chrysopidae)

Abstract Views :218  |  PDF Views:117

Authors

N. Bakthavatsalam ¹, S. P. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control, Post Box No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560024, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 10, No 1&2 (1996), Pagination: 21-27

Abstract

Laboratory and field cage experiments were conducted to select the best kairomone as an ovipositional attractant for Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens). Acid hydrolysed L-tryptophan (15 days after storage) was found to be highly attractive to the males and females of C. carnea in no choice method, using wind tunnel method and in multiple choice method using the kairomone treated filter paper. Pure commercial honey, 25 per cent and 50 per cent honey solutions were attractive in no choice method but not in the multiple choice method. Highest number of eggs were laid on the filter paper sprayed with 15 days old L-tryptophan in laboratory study. However, in the field cage studies, only 3 day old L-tryptophan recorded highest oviposition on cotton plants treated with the kairomones, probably the breakdown product of L-tryptophan is not effective in long range if stored beyond 7 and 15 days. Possibility of using L-tryptophan in the field is discussed.

Keywords

Chrysoperla carnea, Honey, L-Tryptophan, Ovipositional Attractant.

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• Parasitising Ability of Some Trichogrammatid Species and Strains on Spodoptera exigua (Hubner)

Abstract Views :232  | 

Authors

T. Venkatesan ¹, S. P. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control, H.A.Farm post, P.B. No. 2491, Bangalore 560 024, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 10, No 1&2 (1996), Pagination: 117-119

Abstract

Parasitising ability of some species and strains of trichogrammatids on Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was studied in the laboratory. Trichogramma chilonis (cassia strain), T. chilonis Bio Sc 1 (sugarcane strain) and T. brasiliense parasitised more S. exigua eggs.

Keywords

Parasitisation, Spodoptera exigua, Strains, Trichogrammatids.

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• Breeding of Campoletis chlorideae Uchida (Hymenoptera:Ichneumonidae) on Corcyra cephalonica Stainton

Abstract Views :223  |  PDF Views:107

Authors

T. Venkatesan ¹, S. P. Singh ¹, S. Joshi ¹, N. S. Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Hebbal, Bangalore-560 024, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 9, No 2 (1995), Pagination: 128-129

Abstract

Campoletis chlorideae Uchida an early larval parasitoid of Helicoverpa armigera (Hiibner) was successfully reared on Corcyra cephalonica Stainton. The comparative biology of C. chlorideae was also studied on C. cephaionica, H. armigera and Spodoptera litura (Fabricius).

Keywords

Biology, Campoletis chlorideae, Corcyra cephalonica, Rearing.

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• Acceptance of the Teak Defoliator Hyblaea puera (Cramer) (Lepidoptera: Hyblaeidae) by Two Exotic Species of Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Abstract Views :246  |  PDF Views:124

Authors

V. V. Sudheendrakumar ¹, S. K. Jalali ², S. P. Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi 680 653, Trichur, Kerala, IN
2 Project Directorate of Biological Control, HA Farm Post Office, Bangalore 560 024, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 9, No 1 (1995), Pagination: 43-44

Abstract

Natural control of the teak defoliator, Hyblaea puera Cramer by a large number of larval and pupal parasitoids has been reported (Chatterjee and Misra, ]974; Sudheendrakumar, 1985). However, only very very little information IS available on egg parasitoids of the teak defoliator (Beeson, 1941; Nair et al.. 1994).

Keywords

Hyblaea puera, Egg Parasitoids, Trichogramma embryophagum, T. Dendrolimi .

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• Optimum Temperature for Short Term Storage of Eggs of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Abstract Views :205  |  PDF Views:113

Authors

N. Bakthavatsalam ¹, S. P. Singh ¹, N. A. Pushpalatha ¹, B. S. Bhummannavar ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control, H.A. Farm Post, Bangalore 560 024, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 9, No 1 (1995), Pagination: 45-46

Abstract

Chrysopids being efficient predators are used against pests of several important crops (Canard et al., 1984). Techniques for mass rearing of these chrysopids were developed by several workers (Morrison, 1977; Krishnamoorthy and Nagarkatti, 1981; Patel et al., 1987). Elsewhere in the world, detailed studies were conducted on the long term storage of the eggs of chrysopids (Tauber et al., 1993). However, reports on the storage of the eggs of chrysopids are lacking in India. An attempt was made to find out the optimum temperature and age of the eggs of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) for short term storage and the results are communicated in this short paper.

Keywords

Chrysoperla carnea, Eggs Optimum Temperature, Storage.

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• A Semi-Synthetic Larval Diet for Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera : Chrysopidae)

Abstract Views :211  |  PDF Views:113

Authors

N. A. Pushpalatha ¹, S. P. Singh ², N. Bakthavatsalam ¹, B. S. Bhumannavar ¹

Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control, Hebbal, Bangalore - 560024, IN
2 Biological Control, Hebbal, Bangalore - 560024, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 8, No 1 (1994), Pagination: 54-55

Abstract

The value of chrysopids as a biological control agent in IPM programme has been appreciated in recent times. Efforts to mass rear them, investigations on dietary requirements and artificial diets with varying degrees of success have been reported (Hassen and Hagen, 1978; Gautam and Paul, 1987; Vanderzant, 1973).

Keywords

Chrysoperla carnea, Semisynthetic Diet.

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• Superior Strain Selection of the Egg Parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis Ishii - Biological Parameters

Abstract Views :234  |  PDF Views:110

Authors

S. K. Jalali ¹, S. P. Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Biological Control Centre, H.A.Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore - 560 024, IN
2 Biological Control Centre, H.A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore - 560 024, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 7, No 2 (1993), Pagination: 57-60

Abstract

To select superior strains of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis Ishii, collections were made from cotton ecosystems of six different agroclimatic zones of the country viz., Anand (Gujarat), Ludhiana (Punjab), Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu), Bangalore (Karnataka), Rajahmundry (Andhra Pradesh) and Nagpur (Maharashtra). These ecotypes are referred as BioC1, BioC2, BioC3, BioC4, BioC5, and BioC6 respectively. Mean fecundity during F1, F20, and F40 generations in the laboratory was significantly more in BioC1, BioC2, and BioC6 than in others. Longevity of males was 4.0, 4.0 and 4.2 days and that of females was 7.0, 7.4 and 7.3 days respectively in BioC1, BioC2 and BioC6 strains, which was higher than in the other three ecotypes. Net reproductive rate (Ro) and rate of increase per female per generation (λ) was higher in BioC1 and BioC2. There was no difference in emergence pattern and sex-ratio amongst six ecotypes. Results thus, indicated that BioC1 and BioC2 are superior to other ecotypes.

Keywords

Trichogramma chilonis, Superior Strains, Selection.

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• Age-Specific Fecundity and Life Table Studies of Trichogramma embryophagum (Htg.) and Trichoderma dendrolimi Matsumara

Abstract Views :263  |  PDF Views:123

Authors

S. P. Singh ¹, S. K. Jalali ¹

Affiliations
1 Biological Control Centre, National Centre for Integrated Pest Management, H.A. Farm. Post, Bangalore - 560 024, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 6, No 1 (1992), Pagination: 1-3

Abstract

Life table data of Trichogramma embryophagum (Htg.) and Trichogramma dendrolimi Mafatsumara were collected on eggs of Corcyra cephalonlca Stainton. The net reproductive rate (Ro) of T. embryophagum was 60.23 and that of T. dendrolimi 33.98, the intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) was 0.292 and 0.305 and net generation time (T) was 14.03 and 13.25 days, respectively. For mass production, adult females of T. emhryophagumshould be utilised for 5 days and T. dendrolimi for 2 days.

Keywords

Age-Specific Fecundity, Trichogramma embryophagum, T. dendrolimi.

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• Studies on Optimum Temperature for Storage of Sticholotis madagassa Weise Adults

Abstract Views :196  |  PDF Views:137

Authors

S. K. Jalali ¹, S. P. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Biological Control Centre, National Centre for Integrated Pest Management, Bangalore-560 024, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 4, No 2 (1990), Pagination: 96-98

Abstract

Studies were carried out on consequences of different temperature on fecundity and longevity of Stlchototis madagassa Weise. Progeny production declined with Increasing storage period. High mortality of predators was observed when stored at 5°C and 10°C. However, 15°C was ideal for storage in comparison to 26+1 °C.

Keywords

Sticholotls madagassa, Temperature, Survival, Progeny Production.

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• Parasitising Efficiency of Chelonus blackburni Cam. and Copidosoma koehleri Blanch. Singly and in Combination against the Potato Tuber Moth

Abstract Views :212  |  PDF Views:115

Authors

Chandish ¹, R. Ballal ¹, S. P. Singh ¹, S. K. Jalali ¹, Pradyumn Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore 560 089, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 3, No 1 (1989), Pagination: 4-6

Abstract

Laboratory Investigations were conducted to determine the efficiency of the two exotic parasitoids. Chelonus blackburni Cam. (Hymenoptera : Branconidae) and Copidosoma koehleri Blanch. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) - to parasltlse the potato tuber moth (PTM), Phthorimaea operculella ZeII. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). When exposures of individual species of parasitofd were compared with the combination of both the species, C. blackburni reduced PIM survival with a higher percentage of parasitism. Also, in the combination treatments, C. blackburni significantly reduced the survival of C. koehleri while the latter did not affect the survival of the fomer. None of the combination treatments were superior to individual exposure using C. blackburni with respect to host mortality and overall parasitold survival. Longevity of adults of C. blackburni was markedly reduced in the combination treatments. Also, the number of viable cocoons of C. blackburni was maximum in Individual exposure. Similarly, the longevity of the adults and number of mummies fonned by C. koehleri was reduced in the combination treatments when compared to individual exposure.

Keywords

Phzhorimaea operculella, Chelonus blackburni, Copidosoma koehleri, Exotic Parasitoids, Parasitising Efficiency.

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• Biotic Potential of Three Coccinellid Predators on Various Diaspine Hosts

Abstract Views :210  |  PDF Views:124

Authors

S. K. Jalali ¹, S. P. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Biological Control Centre, National Centre for Integrated Pest Management, Bangalore 560 024, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 3, No 1 (1989), Pagination: 20-23

Abstract

Biotic potential of three Coccinellid predators viz., Chilocorus bijugus (Muls), Chilocorus nigritus (Fab.) and Sticholotis madagassa (Weise) were studied on various diaspine scales. C. bijugus and C. nigritus accepted all the hosts provided whereas, S. madagassa accepted only three hosts. When aqueous extract of sugarcane scale insect was sprayed over non-preferred host, S. madagassa could develop on two additional hosts. Developmental period on different hosts in case of C. bijugus and C. nigritus ranged from 33.5 to 41.4. and 32.3 to 35.1 days respectIvely, whereas S. madagassa developed faster on Melanaspis glomerata (Green) (33.4 days) than on other hosts. S. madagassa was also found to be more fecund on M. glomerata. C. bijugus showed relative preference for Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comst.), lived longer and produced larger progeny. C. nigritus fed and bred equally well on all the bosts provided, showing its wide acceptability and polyphagous nature. C. nigritus was found to be more promising on biotic parameters followed by C. bijugus and S. madagassa.

Keywords

Biotic Potential, Coccinellid Predators, Diaspine Scales.

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• A New Record of Ooencyrtus papilionis (Hymenoptera:Encyrtidae) on the Eggs of Papilio demoleus (Linn.) from India

Abstract Views :240  |  PDF Views:110

Authors

S. K. Jalali ¹, S. P. Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Biological Control Centre, National Centre For Integrated Pest Management, Hebbal Agricultural Farm Post, Bangalore-560024, IN
2 Biological Control Centre, National Centre For Integrated Pest Management Hebbal Agricultural Farm Post, Bangalore-560024, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 4, No 1 (1990), Pagination: 59-60

Abstract

The citrus leaf-eating caterpillar Papilio demoleus (Linn.) is a key pest of citrus in India causing extensive damage especially in nurseries and to tender flushes of foliage of different citrus cultivars in the field. A number of natural enemies were recorded by earlier workers (Pruthi and Mani, 1985; Singh, 1980, 1985; Krishnamoorthy and Singh, 1986; Krishnamoorthy, 1987). During the course of observations in the campus, a large number of eggs laid by P. demoleus on citrus were found to be parasitised. Such eggs were brought to the laboratory and kept individually in glass tubes (7.5 x 2.5 cm) and on emergence, the parasitoids were separated based on visual characters. Subsequently, the parasitoids were indentified by Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London.

Keywords

Papilio demoleus, Egg Parasitoids, Ooencyrtus papilionis, Telenomus sp., Trichogramma sp.

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• Relationship Between the Host Age and the Fitness Components of Hyposoter didymator Thunb. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

Abstract Views :208  |  PDF Views:122

Authors

Pradyumn Kumar ¹, S. P. Singh ¹, Chandish ¹, R. Ballal ¹, S. K. Jalali ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Entomology & Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore - 560089, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 2, No 2 (1988), Pagination: 69-71

Abstract

Hyposoter didymalor Thunb. was found to parasitise 0-6 day old Spodoptera litura (F.) larvae in the laboratory at 24.5 ± 1 °C and 65 per cent RH. Effect of host age on developmental period of immature stages, sex ratio of adults, size of the progeny and degree of succcssful parasitism (survivorship) of the parasitoid were investigated. There was a significant negative correlation between the host age and the parasitoid developmental period, while the size of the progeny was observed to increase with the age of the host. Maximum parasitism was observed in 5-day-old host larvae.

Keywords

Hyposoter didymator, Hostage, Developmental Period, Sex Ratio, Size of the Progeny, Degree of Parasitism, Spodoptera litura.

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